Valerian

This is a tall, wispy plant, which is grown to decorate gardens but also lives wild in damp grasslands. It has umbrella-like heads, dark green leaves that are hairy underneath and small, sweet-smelling white, light purple, or pink flowers in June.

Cultivation

Grow valerian in a moist, semi-shaded location. Plants can be raised from seed planted in spring or by root division. The roots are harvested in autumn.

Parts Used

Roots and rhizome, either fresh or dried.

Uses

Valerian, native to the Americas, Asia, and Europe has been used to ease insomnia, stress-related anxiety, and nervous restlessness for thousands of years. Fresh or dried valerian root can be used to make a calming tea, though most people find that it is necessary to add honey or other herbs to counteract the bitter taste and this infusion treats insomnia, cramps and stress, but should not be taken for extended periods without a break, or with other sleep-inducing medications. Ground valerian root can also be used to make a soothing bath.

In studies of animals and people, valerian has demonstrated mild sedative and tranquilising activity, as well as the ability to relieve anxiety. Generally, studies have shown that valerian reduces the time it takes to fall asleep and improves the quality of sleep itself. Plus, unlike many prescription sleep aids, valerian may have fewer after effects the next day, such as morning drowsiness. There are also reports, as yet unconfirmed by substantial research, that it may also ease menstrual and stomach cramps, irritable bowel syndrome, some of the restlessness that accompanies attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and migraine symptoms.

The leaves are a very useful addition to compost and valerian is often used as a companion plant, especially in the vegetable garden.

Valerian photograph by SteuveFE from flickr under a creative commons attribution licence.